Peyton

Introduction: This is my Voki, that i made to introduce everyone to my digital porfolio. It is just a brief intro to my profile, and people will learn a vague description about what is on my wikispace.

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Introduction: These are a few paragraphs i typed that explained what is science. I originally typed it on a word document, then i just copied and pasted it over to here. The purpose of this is to show everyone what science is, what we do in science class, and what scientists do. People will learn a few things about science and science class from this.

What is Science?

Science is investigating and learning new things by studying objects around you, and other items, animals, or people on this Earth.

In the real world scientists are trying to solve problems and find cures for some serious sickness, and some simple everyday illnesses such as the common cold. They are also doing a lot more than that though, they are studying plants, people, animals..etc, and finding more and more about them each day.

In science class we ocassionally write reports, study for tests and quizzes, read the book, and take notes. On the internet, we use websites such as Wikispace, Moodle, Google Docs, and a lot more.

The purpose of this site is to learn how to use different internet tools, and to be able to learn in a different way by looking at what fellow classmates might have posted on their Wiki's. This is my secret life as a lion, which i made on picnik.com. The purpose of it, is to show a bried backround of me, and to kind of show everyone who I am. People, who dont know me well, will learn a few new things about me from this.

Lab Safety Poster



__**Secret Life As A Lion**__

Introduction: This is my history of measurement paragraph. I also typed it on a word document and copied and pasted it over to here. I made this so everyone could see the history of measurement and how it has afftected us today. People will learn all about the history of measurement from this paragraph. __**History of Measurement Systems**__ The first known,recorded measurement systems were brought to us by the ancient Egyptians in 1400 B.C. They created the first weighing system, and began to standardize the measure of length. To work the weighing system they used a balance and a pointer. For the length, they measure with something called a cubit; a cubit is about the distance between your elbow and the tip of your middlle finger. In 640 B.C, the merchants from the Middle East and Mediterranean created a different unit of weight. They used it to weigh their gold,sivle, and metal. To weigh all these things they used a talent and a mina. A talent was about 25 kilograms and mina was about 500 grams. About 300 years later in 200 B.C., a Chinese emperor by the name of Shih Huang Ti, set standards for lenght, width, and volume. The Chineese were also known for creating the decimal notation, which is something we still use today. In A.D. 789, the European emperor, Charlamagne, made a standard of weight called Karlspfund. A karlspfuns was also known as Charlamgnes pound. Eighthy-nine years later, the English used an acre for there use of measuring land. An acre was defined as the amount of land that two oxen could plow in one day. During 1714 A.D., Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the theromemeter. Gabriels last name was later used as a unit of temperature. Lastly, in France during 1983 A.D., the meter was defined as the distance light travels in a fraction of a second.

Above is a picture and link to a velocity lab i did today. In this lab I learned that when you heat a liquid up it becomes thinner which means its velocity or consistency is thinner. When you made the substance colder, it became thicker which meant the ball took awhile to float to the bottom. There were also different substances which had different velocities which affected the speed of the ball when you dropped it inside of the test tube. We also learned how to read a graph, so that we could find the boiling and melting point of a substance.
 * __Velocity Lab__**

media type="custom" key="10925030" Above is the link to the gas simulation lab i did today. In this lab, it mainly covered pressure, volume, and temperature and how they are all related. Something i learned is that when temperature increased, so did the pressure, and the volume. This meant that the molecules were moving very fast. Also, when you added more molecules the pressure and volume increased. Same was for if you made the temperature colder, the pressure decreased and so did the volume.

__**Lab Reflection on Ice Experiment**__

Introduction: Yesterday and today we worked on an experiement about ice. We did it two different ways, with a regualar, hand-held thermometer and with a probe. The experiment wasnt JUST about ice though; you had to see how fast it melted and the change in temperatures. There were also different variables that affected the ice such as hot water or a stirring stick. The main point of this experiment was to see the different phase changes.

Problem: How does the temperature of the surroundings affect the rate at which it melts?

Hypothesis: The temperature will make the water warmed and therfore the ice will melt faster in the glass.

Materials: 2 Plastic Cups (filled with about 200 mL each) Thermometer Stopwatch or Timer 2 Stirring rods (preferably plastic) Ice cubes (2 cm on each side) Warm water (about 40-45 degrees Celsius) Water at room temperature

Procedure: 1). In your notebook, make a data table 2). Fill a cup halfway with warm water. Fill a second cup to the same depth with water at room temperature 3). Record the exact temperature of the water in each cup 4). Obtain two ice cubes that are close to the same size as possible 5). Place one piece of ice into each cup. Begin timing the stopwatch. Gently stir each cup with a stirring rod until the ice melts 6). When one of the ice cubes is completely melted, record the time and tempertature of the water in the cup 7). Wait for the other ice cube to melt. Record its melting time and the water temperature.

Data & Observations: We used two differnt items to get find the answers for the each set of data. We used a regular thermometer, and a probe. Something i noticed while doing the experiment was when you increase the temperature of the water, the ice starts to melt faster. Also, when you stir the the ice it melts faster also. I also noticed that since we didnt stir the ice with the probe, it didn't melt as fast as the ones that were stirred.

First Set of Data:
 * || Beginning Temperature || Time To Melt || Final Temperature ||
 * Cup 1 (Room Temp Water) || 25 degrees Celsius/ 25 degrees Celsius || 44/40 seconds || 20 degrees Celsius/ 19 degrees Celsius ||
 * Cup 2 (Heated Water) || 42 degrees Celsius || 31 Seconds || 31 degrees Celsius ||

Data Taken With Probe: Results: In this experiment, there were four different trials. We did this because if we had messed up on the first couple tys, we could see which of the trials was the most accurate or made the most sense. To measure the temperature, before and after the ice was dropped in, we used a regular thermometer and a probe. In the first cup (room temperature with a thermometer)the temperature decreased by five degrees and it took about 44/40 seconds for the ice cube to melt. In cup two (heated water with a thermometer) the temperature dropped by eleven degrees and it took 31 seconds to melt. Cup three (Room temperature with probe) the temperature decreased by about six degrees and took 261 seconds to melt. Lastly in cup four (heated temperature with probe)the temperature dropped by 10 degrees and it took 73 seconds to melt. The heated cups time varied the most, cup one & cup three.
 * || Beginning Temperature || Time To Melt || Final Temperature ||
 * Cup 3 (Room Temperature) || 20.4 Celsius || 261 seconds || 14.8 Celsius ||
 * Cup 4 (Heated) || 49.6 Celsius || 73 seconds || 38.9 Celsius ||

Conclusion: In the end, my hypothesis was proven correct. My hypothesis was the temperatre will make the water warmer and therefore the ice will melt faster in the glass. I found out that when you stirred the water the ice melted faster. Also when the water was heated (kinetic energy) the ice melted faster also. This is because when the water was heated it made the liqiud molecules move around a lot more which made the ice melt quicker then the room temperature water.

Discussion: Some of the possible factors that could've affected were problems with the ice, stopwatch, or thermometer reading. The ice WAS sitting out on the counter which could've caused it to melt a little bit before it was dropped in to the beaker. The stopwatch also could've been stopped or started a later time then what it was supposed to be. Lastly, when we were using the thermometer, it is hard to find the exact temperature of the glass.

__Bohr Model Reflection__ Above is a picture of the simulation we did a few days ago in the class. In this simulation, you had to create atoms. To do this, you had to figure out what element you wanted to create, and then you would look at the atomic number of that specific element and add that many protons and electrons. Then to find out how many neutrons you would add, you have to look at the atomic mass and subtract the atomic number from it. Something else I learned from this simulation was that the first circle, or shell, could only hold two electrons. On the second shell, it can only hold eight.

__Properties of Metal Paper__

The majority of the periodic table consists of metals. There are approximately 95 metals in the periodic table which are located on the left of the zigzag line. Metals are classified by chemists based on there physical properties. The four physical properties are hardness, shininess, malleability, and ductility. There are four different types of metals which are listed as follows: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, lathanides and actinides, and transition metals. Alkali metals are very reactive and are only found as compounds. They are also very shiny and soft. Alkaline earth metals are always found as compounds and are more reactive then most metals. The alkaline earth metals are also hard, gray-white, and good conductors of electricity. The transition metals are very similar to one another, and include most metals. They are also hard and shiny. Lastly, lathanides and actinides are very rare elements. Lathanides are soft, malleable, shiny, and have high conductivity. Actinides are used to produce energy in nuclear power plants.

Wordle: Below is my wordle that i did about metals. It talks about their different traits, and other characteristics about them.



Alka Seltzer Lab 

__Alka Seltzer Lab__

A couple of days ago we did a lab in class that involved alka seltzer. The purpose of the lab was to see if temperature affected the speed of a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is a process in which substances undergo chemical changes forming new substances with different properties. In this particular lab the evidence that I saw was that the substance bubbled, the color changed, and there was precipitation. My original prediction was that by using hot water out of the tap, the rate of the reaction will be three times faster than at 0 degrees Celsius. In this lab there were three trials. In the first trial we filled a glass with hot water at 83.1 degrees Celsius and dropped the tablet in. The color of the water changed and bubbles formed very fast, and it took 18 seconds for the tablet to dissolve completely. In the second trial, the cup was filled with room temperature water at 15.7 degrees Celsius and the tablet took 69 seconds to dissolve completely. The color change was moderately fast and bubbles formed also. Lastly in the third glass the water was at 0.2 degrees Celsius and the alka seltzer tablet took 204 seconds to dissolve completely. In this trial, the color changed very slowly and bubbles took awhile to form. Something I learned was that as the temperature increases, the rate of a reaction will speed up. Because of this, if the water was hotter than the tablet would dissolve even faster and if the water was colder than the alka seltzer would take a lot longer to fizz.

__Experiment 3 (Release of a Gas)__

In the experiment on the video there were five different thing used listed as follows; a Ziploc bag, a napkin or paper towel, ¼ of a cup of baking soda, ½ of a cup of vinegar, and ½ of a cup of water. In the experiment they put the baking soda into a rolled- up paper towel and set that aside. Then they combined the vinegar and water into a Ziploc bag. Lastly, they poured the baking soda from the paper towel into the Ziploc bag with the vinegar and water solution. The mixture started to bubble and even made the bag burst open which was evidence that a chemical reaction had happened. In this experiment there weren’t any variables that affected the speed of this reaction. In everyday life, this experiment might happen. This is because baking soda and vinegar are very common baking items, and if they are possibly combined they might just explode like they did in this experiment. Trying this experiment actually would be fun because it would be interesting to see it bubble and make the bag explode. This video added to my learning because I got to see first-hand the evidence of a chemical reaction.

__Conclusion__ In conclusion, my hypothesis was incorrect. My hypothesis was that the liquids would dissolve faster than the solids. It was incorrect because neither the liquids nor the solids dissolve faster than one another. This is because it depends on what makes up each substance. We put every substance into ¼ of a cup of water. Water, or H2O, is formed by a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally therefore it is polar. Molecules, in water, separate because the more they become surrounded by water each layer breaks off. I could tell that each substance dissolved because you couldn’t see any of the particles anymore therefore forming a solution. There were a few errors that we encountered; one of them was with the salt. There was too much salt in the ¼ cup of water, therefore it became oversaturated and couldn’t dissolve any more salt. This whole entire concept is important in everyday life because it is good to know if certain things dissolve in water or such because it will help in life with such things as baking.

Popplet: media type="custom" key="12369732" __Carbon Dioxide Popplet__ There were a couple things that I learned about Carbon Dioxide that I didn’t know before. One thing would be that carbon dioxide forms four covalent bonds. Another is that it is used to help keep life jackets inflated. I also learned about the history of carbon dioxide such as in the 1820’s soda water was first invented. This has to do with carbon dioxide because carbon dioxide helps make the carbonation in soda. By doing Popplet, I have learned a lot more about carbon dioxide that I didn’t know before__.__

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Scratch Project: This week we learned how to use the digital tool, Scratch. At first, it was kind of confusing, but after awhile I got used to it. There was a lot of extra things you could do like making the sprites walk or inputting your own voice. Scratch was a very useful tool that could be used in the future. media type="custom" key="18014588"

Reflection: Scratch is a digital tool where you can make your own animations. When using scratch, I created a "Talk Show" that consisted of Sir Isaac Newton and a cat. When people watch my project, I hope they learn more about Isaac Newton and his life. Also, that they would become interested enough in him to actually research more and find out more facts. If I were to create another project I would make a game of some sort because everyone likes to play games, and it seems like it would be fun to create. Even on the scratch website, there were endless amounts of games to play. This tool was interesting to me because it was easy to use, and it was actually fun. I liked it, and it could possible be of use in the future.

Dipity: This is my Dipity on the solar system. It talks about the history of the solar system, and different scientists' view on it. In the dipity, I include scientists like Copernicus, Galilei, and Ptolemy. They all had different views on the solar system, and the different planets. They all made contributions to how the solar system is today. media type="custom" key="18630062"

Bio Cube: This is my Bio Cube on Galileo Galilei. He was a scientist, mathematician, and astronomer. He studied a lot about the solar system, and the different planets and their orbits. On my Bio Cube, you can learn a lot about his life, himself, and the different contributions he made to the Scientific Revolution. Bio Cube is an easy to use digital tool that is good for showing someones history. I could see myself using this again in the future.



__StoryBird__

Here is the link to Kate and my storybird we made about our own constellation.

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